Benzos by the numbers
Benzodiazepine Facts, Figures, and Statistics
Benzodiazepines, commonly known as “benzos,” are a class of psychoactive drugs used to treat conditions like anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. While they can be effective for short-term use, benzodiazepines are highly addictive and can lead to significant health issues when misused.
This page offers a detailed overview of benzodiazepine statistics, prevalence, health effects, addiction patterns, treatment success rates, and the broader social and economic impacts of benzodiazepine addiction.
What are benzodiazepines?
Benzodiazepines are a group of central nervous system depressants that include well-known medications like Valium, Xanax, and Ativan. They work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA, which has a calming effect on the brain. While effective in managing anxiety and other conditions, they carry a high risk of dependency and abuse, especially when used for extended periods or in higher doses than prescribed.
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INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT Benzodiazepines
A history of benzo use
Benzodiazepines were first introduced in the 1960s as a safer alternative to barbiturates, which were then commonly used to treat anxiety and insomnia but had a high risk of overdose. Initially hailed as a “wonder drug,” the widespread prescribing of benzodiazepines led to increased rates of dependence and addiction. Today, while they are still widely used in medicine, there is greater awareness of their potential for abuse and the importance of careful management by healthcare professionals.
What makes benzodiazepine addictive?
Benzodiazepines are addictive because they alter the brain’s chemistry, leading to physical and psychological dependence. They work by increasing GABA activity, which produces feelings of relaxation and calm. Over time, the brain becomes reliant on the drug to maintain these feelings, leading to tolerance (needing more of the drug to achieve the same effect) and withdrawal symptoms when the drug is reduced or stopped. This cycle of dependence makes it challenging for individuals to quit without professional support.
Benzo USE IN NUMBERS
Benzodiazepine statistics UK
Prescriptions & deprivations
Looking at factors behind addiction, benzodiazepines are prescribed less frequently in areas with higher levels of deprivation.
Gender difference
Women are nearly twice as likely as men to be prescribed benzodiazepines, largely due to higher reported rates of anxiety, insomnia, and other conditions that these medications are commonly used to treat in women.
Number of prescriptions
Approximately 1.4 million adults in the UK are prescribed benzodiazepines annually.
Health Impact
Benzodiazepines are involved in 30% of drug related deaths in the UK. In 2022, the number of deaths was 509.
Impact of long term use
Long-term use (beyond 4-6 weeks) is generally not recommended due to the high risk of dependence, but many users remain on benzodiazepines for months or years.
Misusing
Many individuals misuse benzodiazepines to enhance the effects of other sedatives or to ease the "come down" after using stimulants, creating a dangerous cycle of drug interaction that increases the risk of dependence and overdose.
Traffic accidents
Use of benzodiazepines can impair motor skills and reaction times, making activities like driving dangerous. This has led to an increase in drug-related traffic accidents where benzodiazepines are involved.
Risk for older users
Older adults are more frequently prescribed benzodiazepines for conditions like insomnia and anxiety, but they are also at higher risk of falls, fractures, and cognitive decline due to these medications.
Benzo addiction can happen to anyone, regardless of their background. Whether prescribed for legitimate medical reasons or used recreationally, the risk of dependence is real which emphasises the need for understanding, support, and effective treatment options.
HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS
How does a benzodiazepine addiction affect health?
Short term effects
Drowsiness and sedation
Dizziness and confusion
Impaired coordination and balance
Memory problems
Long term effects
Physical and psychological dependence
Cognitive decline and memory loss
Increased risk of falls and fractures, particularly in older adults
Depression and emotional blunting
Can you overdose on benzodiazepine?
Yes, overdose is a significant risk with benzodiazepines, particularly when combined with other substances like alcohol or opioids. Overdose can lead to respiratory depression, coma, and death. The risk is heightened in individuals who misuse benzodiazepines or take them without medical supervision.
Benzo overdose symptoms include:
- Extreme drowsiness or sedation
- Confusion or disorientation
- Slurred speech
- Poor coordination and muscle weakness
- Blurred vision
These symptoms can be life-threatening and require immediate medical attention.
GETTING HELP
Is recovery possible for benzodiazepine addiction?
Yes, benzodiazepine addiction can be treated, but it requires a carefully managed approach due to the severe withdrawal symptoms associated with these drugs. Treatment typically involves a slow tapering of the drug under medical supervision, combined with behavioural therapies to address the psychological aspects of addiction.
At Providence Projects, we have a proven track record of helping individuals successfully overcome benzodiazepine dependence.
Client satisfaction with our service
Complete their detox programme
Complete their treatment programme
Resources and support for benzodiazepine addiction
NHS Drug Addiction Helpline
The NHS Drug Addiction Helpline provides support and information about local drug treatment services in the UK, helping individuals find the assistance they need to overcome addiction. It offers confidential advice and resources to guide people towards recovery and healthier lifestyles.
Frank
Frank offers confidential advice and information about drugs, including benzodiazepines, available 24/7 through phone, text, and their website. They provide support, guidance, and resources for individuals struggling with drug use and their families.
Benzodiazepine Information Coalition (BIC)
The BIC is dedicated to raising awareness about the risks of benzodiazepines and providing resources for those struggling with dependence. They offer information on safe withdrawal practices and support networks for individuals and families affected by benzodiazepine use.
Adfam
Adfam is a UK-based charity that focuses on improving the lives of families affected by drug, alcohol, and gambling issues. It provides support, information, and advocacy to help families cope with the challenges of addiction and works to influence national policy to better address their needs.
Families Anonymous
Families Anonymous is a UK-based support group for relatives and friends concerned about the use of drugs or related behavioural problems of a loved one. The organisation provides a supportive environment through regular meetings and resources, helping members share their experiences and find ways to cope with the challenges of addiction in the family.
Rebuild your strength with comprehensive benzo addiction treatment
You don’t have to navigate benzodiazepine addiction on your own. No matter how far away you feel from recovery, help is always available from our expert team. Reaching out is the first milestone in your recovery journey, and you’ll be met with care and support.
